Carbureter.



1. MACD. PURCELL.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- 5, I913.

Patented Feb. 8,1916; 2 $HEETS-SHEET I In re ni'or' onagfa'rceii; x}!13, :i Q g.

John 49 IIJIIII'IM THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 60-, WASHINGTON, D. cv

' character rumor.

. and description for JOHN MAGDONALD PURCELL, or VENICE, CALIFORNIA,ASSIGNOR T0 GEM onnrunnrnn AND AUTO SPECIALTY COMPANY, ARIZONA.

To all whom it may concern: I 7 v Be it known that'l, Jornv MACDONALDPURCELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Venice, in thecounty of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is aspecification. c r This invention relates to carburcters for volatileliquid fuels, wherein an explosive mixture is provided tion engines,more particularly to that class manufacturing a combustible gaseousmixture from hydro-carbons having an extremely high point .ofebullition. I

The primary object of the invention is to provide a carburetor of theabove general relation which is especially adaptable for use inautomobiles of the various different kinds, but moreparticularlyadaptable for providing a very economical mixture ofvolatilized'liquid fuel for the internal combustion engines supplied inmost of the smaller automobiles now in use, so thatthe said automobilesmay be driven in the streets of cities or in traffic congestedlocali.

ties at a rate of speed much less than is now possible.

' Another object of the invention is the.

provision of an improved carbureter of the stated, which may be used-inany of the larger or more heavy types of self propelled vehicles, amongwhich the modern commercial trucks are to be included, in which thecarburcted mixture is manufactured from that form of hydrocarbon morecommonly designated as distillate.

Another object of the invention is the provision of improvements of theabove stated character in which the carbureted mixture is furnished inthe form of a very fine, uniform mixture of previouslyheated air atatmospheric pressure and carbureted liquids, very highly vaporized; thearrange-- ment being such that when it is desired to drive a vehiclecontaining a motor of the Ford or Buick types very slowly a uniformlyproportionate mixture is provided, thereby saving considerable energy onthe part of said motor by a substantial reduction in its speed, and asthe speed of the j-v'ehicle I 1s increased, the proportions of theconstituents of saidvaporized mixture are changed. r

for internal co'mbus X -X? of Fig.

of-the appended arrows; Fig. l is a detail out the several views of thedrawings.

oennuanrnn.

. Specification o1. LettersIatentL. t nt d b, 8, 1916,. I Application fled larch 5,1913. Serial n 752,203., i

or OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION or A-further object the inventionis to provide valve and portconstruction so arranged as to produce aseries of whirling or vortex currents of the air utilized'by saidcarbureter, and thereby produce .a more thoroughly and uniformly mixedvaporized combustible fuel.

A, still further obj ect, of the seat... is the provision of acarburetor that is superior in point of'relative simplicity and1nexpensiveness ofv construction, positiv'eness inoperation, andefficiency, and serviceability. I

With the the invention further consists in the new and novel provision,formation, construction, combination, organization-and relativearrangement of parts,

above and other objects in view,

"members and features, all as hereinafter more particularly described,shown in the drawings and finally pointed out in the claims- In thedrawingsz' Figure 1 is .a vertical cross-sectional view ofthe invention,cer tain parts being broken away; fragmentary sectional view' 'taken onthe line X X of Fig. 1, looking in. the direction of theappended'arrows; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional View,

1, looking in the direction Fig. 2 is a .7

taken on line view ofvarioiis parts shown inFig. 7 V

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view showing a section-of the usualexhaust pipe in connection with which the 'air heating pipe is used;Fig.6 is afragmentary view showing another. portionlof the air heatingpipe and itsconnectionwith the hot-air jacket; Fig. 7 is a. verticalexterior view trate the arrangement of the ports;

ofthe parts shown in" Fig. 1; Figs/8 and 9 are frag,-

is a fragmentary sectlonal'view.takenon line X -X of Fig. 10;Fig. 12 isa sec? tional detail .v-iewtake'n on line X X of Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the ap-. pended arrows; and Fig. 18-is a modification I ofthe port construction shown, in Fig.11. i

parts and vcombina'tionsfof parts througha Like charactersof referencedenote like float or pontoon, and is through the conduit (Z to said ofthe valve Referring with particularity to the drawings, the inventioncomprises the receptacle A for containin the distillate or other formsof hydrocarbons and B denotes the regulating means from the source offuel supply (not shown) to said receptacle A.

C denotes the central portion of the carbureter which has its lower endformed as a tube a fitted within the receptacle A and having a venturi 0extending upwardly therein which venturi opens into the generalcirculating chamber D, where a whirling, or vortex, motion of the airadmitted to said chamber is created by the ports E and F, the specificformation of which will be hereinafter more fully described.

G denotes the annular valve which operates onthe ports E to'regulate thequantity of'air to be admitted to said chamber D; said valve beingreadily adjusted by the turning ofthe valve adjustment means H.

j I denotes the air jacket around the valve G and the ports E and Fwhich is supplied with previously heated air conducted jacket ashereinafter more fully described.

J represents the upper portion of the carburetor in the form of abolting flange, to which the invention is fastened, and which in turn isfastened to a portion of the bed.- plate K of the motor. 7

L denotes the throttling means extending through the chamber D intheflange part J communicating with the valve operating means L in thechamber 1).

' M denotes the tension means disposed betweentheannular valve G and'thevalve adjustment means H, the same being provided in the annular housingM.

The receptacle A. specifically comprises the annular chamber 13 theconfines of which are the walls 141- and 15 and the base wall16.Extending from one side of the said receptacle A. and communicatingtherewith is the auxiliary distributing chamber 17' showing a threadedflange 19 at its upper portion'into which is preferably fitted anordinary pipe plug 20 havingthe opening 20 therein for the intake ofair. The regulating means B comprises the float 21 which may be made ofsuitable material and of suitable thickness such as a hollow metallicsuspended into said chamber 13 as by the lever 22 fulcrumed as at 231bythe pin 23 On the other endvof the lever 22 is the relatively enlargedportion 24 intowhich is fitted the ball end25 2-6; said ball having aseat 27 in said part 25 and there being a stem 27 extending downwardlythrough a suitable opening" 27. The valve 26 has extending downwardlytherefrom the guide-rod 28 which is projected into the chamber 29 directly below the valve-seat 30. The chamb'er-29'and the valve-seat 30both being in ting in the walls 1st as at 33*.

lug 31 which has connected thereto the pipe or conduit Z2 whichdistributes the carburet ing liquid from a tank or other source of fuelsupply (not shown) to the valve The pin 23 may be fastened in the wallsof said auxiliary chamber 17, and the float 21 may be cut away as at 21to allow proper clearance of the wall 15 as the quantity of carburetingliquid in the chamber 13 is varied, as Will be hereinafter more fullydescribed. Located centrally of the receptacle A is the circular way 32provided by the walls 1? into which extends the lower end a of thecarbureter. The main or central portion of the carburetor C comprisessaid lower end (4 preferably threaded into the way 32 as at 3.x therebeing a cover 33 fitting around the portion C, covering the chamber 13and lit- Immediately above said cover 33, the portion 0 is slightlyenlarged so that the fitting shoulders are thereby provided, suchenlarged portion having the lugs 35 of equal length extending therefromdiagonally opposed to each other. The annular base 36 immediately abovesaid lugs 35 provides a rest for the shell 37; such shell comprising theannular housing M and having an inwardly extending wall as at 38 at itsupper part, there being a relatively reduced upstanding portion .orflange 39 Which latter is threaded as at 39% The wall 40 extendsupwardly from said base 36 to a point coincident with said upstandingflange 39 and is threaded at its upper end as at 40 said threadedportions 39 and 40 having the boltingflange J threaded therein when thevarious parts comprising the invention have been assembled as hereinafter fully set forth. Ports E are provided in said wall 40 angularlyinclined to ward each other in three groups approximately as shown inFig. 10 but angularly opposed to each other with respect to thedifferent groups so that a whirling or vortex motion is imparted to theair drawn into the conical circulating chamber D an approximation ofsaid motion of the air being shown by the arrows in Fig. 10) through theports F in the base 36 from the air jacket I which is provided by theshell 41, resting 7 on the cover 33 and has its upper end flangedinwardly as at 42, there being threads 43. provided at the inner edge ofsaid flange 4:2 and threads 13 on the outer upper part of the shell 37,so that the latter may be turned into said jacket I.

In the chamber M is a spring M coiled intermediate the annular valve G,which has an upstanding flange 44 thereon of pre determined height andin proportion to the areas of said ports E and F, and the ring 4.5; saidring 45 having a series of pins d6, fitting in suitable opening 47 inthe wall 38 of said shell 37'; said valve G having a ring 48 of suitablenon-leakable material fas tened on its underside for contact with the 1base 36, so thatwhen 'said valve G is closed the air in said jacket I isnot drawn into said chamber D. The chamber D is so designed as toconform approximately to the lines shown in Fig. 1, wherein the lowerportion is of conical and concave formation and has 7 the spider-brace49 extending thereacross as up or spraying the hereinafter fullydescribed; said nozzle extending upwardly in the inverted conicalchamber or venturi c in the end a to a point coincident with the reducedportion as at 54, where the upwardly inrushing air is concentrated orstrangled when the carbureter is used for furnishing an idealvolatilized combustible mixture for unusually low speed of the motorsupplied, either with or without taking any air from the jacket Ithrough the ports E and F, The nozzle communicates with a conduit 51which extends into the chamber 13 as at 51*. p

'The boltingflange J may be fastened in any desired location 1n, on orabout a vehi cle, but it is preferable to fasten the same to that partof the motor which is provided with an opening corresponding with thechamber D", which latter also corresponds with the chamber D. In thechamber D the throttling damper or butterfly valve 55 is pro-.

vided on the rod 56, which projects through the walls 57 of sald flangeportion J On one end of the said rod 56 is the lever 58 of saidthrottlingmeans L and on the opposite end the lever 59 is fastenedftherebeing a block "60 journaled in the outer end of said lever 59throughwhich the rod 61 extends. The

rod 61 is rotatably fastened to the outer end of a like lever 62, theinner end of said lever 62 being fastened to the rod 63 extending intothe chamber D as well as the lugs 35. A spring 64: is fastened in saidchamber D as shown lnFig. 2 and has its end in tensional contact withthe cam or.

roller 65 provided on said rod,'so that any movement of the levers 58,59hr 62, which may beattached to a rod (not shown) extending from theusual foot treadling throt tle, will open or close or partially open orclose thedamper 55 and proportionately open or close or partially openor close the valve 52-, which latter may have its stem 50 fastened tothe spring 64. The lugs 35 are of equal length so thatinterchangeability of the throttling mea-ns L and L may be had and thesame used on eitherside of the carbureter as may be desired.

The air jacket I is deslgned to be sup-j plied with air and drawnthrough the con:

duit (Z along and over a portion of the motor :73 or the, indentures asat 7 1,

7 what I claim exhaust pipe haustpipe will'thereby heat the'air to afairly high degree, previous to; its being drawn into said jacket by thevacuum created by the normal"propulsivecompleting cycle of the'motor inoperation."

The va'lvefadjustment means H comprises a cap 67 threaded on the inside,so that it may be turned on. the threads 13 of the shell 37 saidthreaded portion 43 having therein the vertical grooves 68 as shown inFig. 8, into which'theend 69 of the spring 70 projects through thewallof said cap, as the same is rotated in either way to adjust thecompression of the spring M on the an nularvalve G, the springbeingfastened to the cap as at 71. The rod61 is threaded at its upper'end'so that the thumb-nuts 72 may be usedto lengthen or shorten thedistance between the block 60 and the lever The ports F are shown tohave the V shaped pa'rts'78 projecting thereinto, for it is found in thepractice that they are the' means of assisting in directing the aircurrents in approximately the whirling or vortex motion shown.v Saidports E and F may be provided with air controlling surfaces in theformof indentures 74 as in the modifica practice-that the var-ionsprojections asiat provided on or in the walls of said ports are themeans of directing'or deflecting said currents of air to create saidwhirling 'or vortex motion. The ports E in the annular wall 4:0. of the66 and the heat of said ex- 1 tion shown in Fig. .13, for it is found inthe portion Chave their upper edges of inclined v downward angularity asat 75, and have their lower edges'Zfi also extending downwardly as theyextend inwardly, edges being ofconcave formation; both of said edges inpractice producing the de sired deflection of saidair' currents as thesame are drawn through said ports and impinged on said edges. 7

With regard to Fig.10 of the drawings the shell wall 11 of the jacket Iand the flange 44 of the valve G havebeen omitted in order to moreclearly show the approximate formation and the arrangement of the portsEand F; f

I, do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the specificformation,'provision, construction, combination, .organlzation, andrelative arrangements of. the parts, members and features, as hereinshown and described, but reserve the right to vary the same in thefurther utilization of the invention, and in and within the terms of thefollowing 'claims. 1 v Having thus fully described my invention, H i anddesireto secure by Letters Patent, is: r I I 1. A carburet r forproducing a volatilized combustible mixture, comprising a portion havinga circulating chamber therein, a

the latter 7 venturi communicating with said chamber; a carbureting ingwith said venturi; means for regulating thequantity of liquid containedin said container; valve means in said venturi for dis charging aquantity of liquid therein; means for moving said valve; air controllingmeans in said chamber; throttling means for controlling said last namedmeans; means for heating a quantity of air; an air jacket for containingsaid heated air; a series of ports communicating with said chamber;another seriesof portscommunicating with said air jacket; and valvemeans under tension for controlling the quantity of heated air takeninto said chamber substantially as described.

2. A. carbureterfor producing a volatilized combustible mixture,comprising a por- 7 tion having a circulating chamber therein ing aquantity of air;

for producingwhirling or vortex currents of volatilized mixture; aventuri communicating with said chamber and having a relatively reducedstrangulation portion therein; a carbureting liquid containercommunicating with said venturi; means for regulating the quantity ofliquid contained in said container; valve means in said venturi fordischarging a quantity of liquid therein; means for moving said valveand controlling the quantity or said liquid discharged; air controllingmeans in said chamber for controlling the proportion of air takentherein; throttling means for controlling said last named meanssimultaneously with said valve moving means; means forheatan air jacketfor containing said heated air; a series of ports communicating withsaid chamber; another series of ports communicating with said airjacket; and valve means under tension for controlling the quantity ofheated air taken into said chamber, substantially as described.

3. A carbureter for producing a volatilized combustible mixture,comprising a portion having a circulating chamber therein; a venturicommunicating with said chamber; a carbureting liquid containercommunicating with said venturi; means for regulating the quantity o1liquid contained in said container; valve means in said venturi fordischarging a quantity of liquid there in; means for moving said valve;air controlling means in said chamber; throttlin means for controllingsaid last name means; means for heating a quantity of air; an air jacketfor containing said heated air; a series of ports communicating withsaid chamber; another series of ports communieating with said airjacket; an annular valve under tension for controlling said quantity ofheated air taken into said chamher; and adjustment means for varying thetension of said valve, substantially as described.

4. A carbureter for producing a volaliquid container communicat tilizedcombustible mixture, comprising a portion having a circulating chamberthere in; a venturi communicating with said chamber; a carburetingliquid container connnunicating with said venturi; means for regulatingthe quantity of liquid contained in said container; valve means in saidventuri for discharging a quantity of liquid therein; means for mov ingsaid valve; air controlling means in said chamber; throttling means forcontrolling said last named means; means for heating a quantity of air;an air jacket for containing said heated air; a series of portscommunicating with said chamber and having deflecting edges therein;another series of ports having deflecting surfaces therein andcommunicating with said air jacket;

annular valve under tension for controlling said quantity of heated airtaken into said chamber; and adjustment means for varying the tension ofsaid valve to produce most minute adjustment of the air taken into bothseries of ports substantially as described.

5. A carbureter for producing a volatilized combustible mixture,comprising a portion having a circulating chamber therein; a ven turicommunicating with said chamber; a carbureting liquid containercommunicating with said venturi; means for regulating the quantity ofliquid contained in said container; valve means in said venturi fordischarging a quantity of liquid therein; means for moving said valve;air controlling means in said chamber; throttling means for controllingsaid last named means; means for heating a quantity of air; an airjacket for containing said heat ed air; a series of ports communicatingwith said chamber and having deflecting edges therein; another series ofports havdeflecting surfaces therein and communicating with said airjacket; an annular valve under tension for controlling said quantity ofheated air taken into said chamber; and adjustment means for vary ingthe tension of said valve to produce most minute adjustment of the airtaken into both series of ports; said deflecting surfaces of said portsproducing a whirling or vortex motion of the carbureted mixture in saidchamber, substantially as described.

6. A carbureter for producing a volatilized combustible mixturecomprising a portion having a circulating chamber therein; a venturicommunicating with said chamber, a carbureting liquid containercommunicating with said venturi; means for regulating the quantity ofliquid contained in said container; valve means in saidventuri fordischarging a quantity of liquid therein; means for moving andcontrolling the movement of said valve; air controlling means in saidchamber; throttling means for controlling said last named means; meansfor heating a quantity of air; an air jacket for containing said heatedair; a series of ports angularly inclined from each other, communieeating With said chamber and having defleeting edges therein; a secondseries of portsv angularly inclined in their relation to each other,having deflecting surfaces therein and communicating With said airjacket; an annular valve under tension for controlling said quantity ofheated air taken into said chamber; and adjustment means for'varying thetension of said valve to proname to this specification in the presenceof the two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN MACDONALD PURCELL. Witnesses: W. F. SEEMANN,

CHARLES W. LYON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

